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Research Articles|35 Article(s)
Advances in Applications of Plasmonics in Biomedical Field (Invited)
Yu Lu, Qifan Zhou, Ao Li, and Xiangwei Zhao
Plasmonic nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their exceptional near-field enhancement, photothermal, and photomechanical effects, resulting in remarkable progress in fields such as energy, catalysis, optics, and biomedicine. Particularly in biomedicine, their applications have played a crucial role in developing ultrasensitive biosensing strategies and effective therapeutic approaches. In this paper, we explore plasmonic nanomaterials from three key perspectives: near-field enhancement, photothermal effect, and photomechanical effect. We summarize the latest advancements in their applications in biomedical fields such as sensing, imaging, and therapy, and provide insights into future development directions in this field. Plasmonic nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their exceptional near-field enhancement, photothermal, and photomechanical effects, resulting in remarkable progress in fields such as energy, catalysis, optics, and biomedicine. Particularly in biomedicine, their applications have played a crucial role in developing ultrasensitive biosensing strategies and effective therapeutic approaches. In this paper, we explore plasmonic nanomaterials from three key perspectives: near-field enhancement, photothermal effect, and photomechanical effect. We summarize the latest advancements in their applications in biomedical fields such as sensing, imaging, and therapy, and provide insights into future development directions in this field.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Apr. 10, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 7, 0716001 (2025)
Research Progress in Metaphotonic Biosensors Based on Bound States in the Continuum (Invited)
Xiaofeng Rao, Tao He, Chengfeng Li, Chao Feng... and Xinbin Cheng|Show fewer author(s)
Bound states in the continuums (BICs) have attracted extensive attention in biological and chemical sensing. This is because they can significantly confine the light field and enhance light?matter interactions at the sub-wavelength scale. Currently, we have witnessed the emergence of several metaphotonic devices based on BICs. These devices are expected to break through the limitations of traditional biosensing in aspects such as miniaturization, specificity, and sensitivity. In this review, starting from BICs-based metaphotonic devices on different platforms, we systematically summarize the applications of metallic BICs, all-dielectric BICs, hybrid metal?dielectric BICs, and microfluidic BICs in biosensing fields, including refractive index sensing, surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, and chiral sensing. Finally, we also explore the current limitations of BICs-based biosensor devices and discuss potential solutions to overcome these challenges in the future. Bound states in the continuums (BICs) have attracted extensive attention in biological and chemical sensing. This is because they can significantly confine the light field and enhance light?matter interactions at the sub-wavelength scale. Currently, we have witnessed the emergence of several metaphotonic devices based on BICs. These devices are expected to break through the limitations of traditional biosensing in aspects such as miniaturization, specificity, and sensitivity. In this review, starting from BICs-based metaphotonic devices on different platforms, we systematically summarize the applications of metallic BICs, all-dielectric BICs, hybrid metal?dielectric BICs, and microfluidic BICs in biosensing fields, including refractive index sensing, surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, and chiral sensing. Finally, we also explore the current limitations of BICs-based biosensor devices and discuss potential solutions to overcome these challenges in the future.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Mar. 25, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 6, 0616001 (2025)
Sparse Aperture Testing Method for Large-Aperture Segmented Telescopes (Invited)
Qichang An, Xinyue Liu, Hongwen Li, and Yongting Deng
To achieve the integrated detection of large-aperture segmented optical systems and avoid the manufacture of equal-aperture detection devices, we propose a method of using a sparse aperture to construct an integrated detection device. By measuring the local wavefront at the seams and combining the wavefront reconstruction in the frequency domain, we can finally achieve the co-focus and co-phasing state testing of large-aperture segmented telescopes. Based on simulation analysis, the accuracy of the overall wavefront reconstruction (18 sub-mirrors) of our system is better than 0.01λ (λ stands for wavelength). Regarding the measurement and control accuracy of a single discrete aperture, on the basis of camera alignment, we conduct large-range feedback based on dispersion fringes and achieve precise co-phasing and accuracy verification based on the wide-band method. Ultimately, the closed-loop stabilization accuracy of the system in a non-vibration-isolated environment is better than 0.097λ. For spectral response testing, we use a split-type small-aperture integrating sphere to achieve a spectral splicing measurement of a large-aperture telescope. For an experimental system with an focal ratio of 10, the fluctuation of the light-intensity contrast in each field of view is better than 4%. Due to its small size and light weight, the proposed system can be used not only for integrated inspection in the manufacturing phase, but also for accuracy verification during on-site assembly and system calibration during operation intervals. To achieve the integrated detection of large-aperture segmented optical systems and avoid the manufacture of equal-aperture detection devices, we propose a method of using a sparse aperture to construct an integrated detection device. By measuring the local wavefront at the seams and combining the wavefront reconstruction in the frequency domain, we can finally achieve the co-focus and co-phasing state testing of large-aperture segmented telescopes. Based on simulation analysis, the accuracy of the overall wavefront reconstruction (18 sub-mirrors) of our system is better than 0.01λ (λ stands for wavelength). Regarding the measurement and control accuracy of a single discrete aperture, on the basis of camera alignment, we conduct large-range feedback based on dispersion fringes and achieve precise co-phasing and accuracy verification based on the wide-band method. Ultimately, the closed-loop stabilization accuracy of the system in a non-vibration-isolated environment is better than 0.097λ. For spectral response testing, we use a split-type small-aperture integrating sphere to achieve a spectral splicing measurement of a large-aperture telescope. For an experimental system with an focal ratio of 10, the fluctuation of the light-intensity contrast in each field of view is better than 4%. Due to its small size and light weight, the proposed system can be used not only for integrated inspection in the manufacturing phase, but also for accuracy verification during on-site assembly and system calibration during operation intervals.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Mar. 25, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 6, 0614001 (2025)
[in Chinese]
Zhen Huang, Zefeng Wang, Chenxin Gao, Bokai Yi... and Zilun Chen|Show fewer author(s)
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 5, 0506002 (2025)
Brillouin Random Fiber Laser Based on Random Feedback of Low-Concentration Erbium-Doped Fiber (Invited)
Zepeng Zhong, Liang Zhang, Xu Guo, Haoran Xie... and Tingyun Wang|Show fewer author(s)
A Brillouin random fiber laser (BRFL) based on a low-concentration erbium-doped fiber is proposed as an active distributed feedback medium. Using a 980 nm pump source, a custom-made 25 m erbium-doped fiber with an ion mass fraction of 0.0035% serves as the Rayleigh scattering medium, providing distributed random feedback to achieve laser resonance. Compared to a traditional 20 km single-mode fiber (SMF), the erbium-doped fiber significantly enhances the distributed Rayleigh scattering intensity by approximately two orders of magnitude. This compact BRFL, leveraging the low-concentration erbium-doped fiber, demonstrates excellent laser noise suppression and frequency stability. Experimental results indicate that the proposed BRFL reduces relative intensity noise by about 20 dB and decreases frequency jitter over time by 64.3% compared to a BRFL using 20 km of SMF as the feedback medium. The active amplification of Rayleigh scattering in the erbium-doped fiber introduces optically controllable disorder, enabling the BRFL photonic system to display manipulated statistical properties of the dynamic spin glass phase. Moreover, the experimental observation of optically controlled replica symmetry breaking offers new avenues for exploring laser physics and nonlinear phenomena. A Brillouin random fiber laser (BRFL) based on a low-concentration erbium-doped fiber is proposed as an active distributed feedback medium. Using a 980 nm pump source, a custom-made 25 m erbium-doped fiber with an ion mass fraction of 0.0035% serves as the Rayleigh scattering medium, providing distributed random feedback to achieve laser resonance. Compared to a traditional 20 km single-mode fiber (SMF), the erbium-doped fiber significantly enhances the distributed Rayleigh scattering intensity by approximately two orders of magnitude. This compact BRFL, leveraging the low-concentration erbium-doped fiber, demonstrates excellent laser noise suppression and frequency stability. Experimental results indicate that the proposed BRFL reduces relative intensity noise by about 20 dB and decreases frequency jitter over time by 64.3% compared to a BRFL using 20 km of SMF as the feedback medium. The active amplification of Rayleigh scattering in the erbium-doped fiber introduces optically controllable disorder, enabling the BRFL photonic system to display manipulated statistical properties of the dynamic spin glass phase. Moreover, the experimental observation of optically controlled replica symmetry breaking offers new avenues for exploring laser physics and nonlinear phenomena.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 5, 0506001 (2025)
Progress of Superfluorescence in Perovskite Quantum Dot Superlattices (Invited)
Hongxing Dong, Linqi Chen, Xinjie Li, Zhanpeng Wang... and Xuting Chen|Show fewer author(s)
Superfluorescence is a transient and intense coherent light generated by the cooperative spontaneous emission of multi-body particles, which has significant application potential in quantum information technology, quantum computing, and multi-entangled quantum light sources. In recent years, perovskite quantum dot superlattices, with their unique structures and excellent optical properties, have become an ideal platform for studying superfluorescence. In this paper, we review the assembly and preparation techniques of perovskite quantum dot superlattices, explore the latest research progress in related fields, and summarize the research achievements of superfluorescence based on this system. Finally, we look ahead to the development prospects of superfluorescence in the perovskite quantum dot superlattice system. Superfluorescence is a transient and intense coherent light generated by the cooperative spontaneous emission of multi-body particles, which has significant application potential in quantum information technology, quantum computing, and multi-entangled quantum light sources. In recent years, perovskite quantum dot superlattices, with their unique structures and excellent optical properties, have become an ideal platform for studying superfluorescence. In this paper, we review the assembly and preparation techniques of perovskite quantum dot superlattices, explore the latest research progress in related fields, and summarize the research achievements of superfluorescence based on this system. Finally, we look ahead to the development prospects of superfluorescence in the perovskite quantum dot superlattice system.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 5, 0502001 (2025)
Orthogonally Polarized Dual-Frequency Er ∶ YAG Laser (Invited)
Yang Yu, Jiawen Xiao, Xianqing Zang, Yusong Jiao, and Chunqing Gao
We report an orthogonally polarized dual-frequency continuous-wave (CW) Er∶?YAG laser that can simultaneously output laser with wavelengths of 1617 nm and 1645 nm. Polarization beam splitter (PBS) prism and etalons are inserted into the cavity to generate an orthogonally polarized dual-frequency mode. The maximum output power of the S-polarized 1645 nm and the P-polarized 1617 nm lasers is 1.074 W and 0.242 W, respectively. We measure the longitudinal mode spectrum of the output laser using a Fabry?Perot (FP) interferometer and prove that the lasers at both wavelengths are single longitudinal mode. The M2 factors of the 1617 nm and 1645 nm lasers are 1.32 and 1.87 in the x direction and 1.38 and 2.06 in the y direction, respectively, and the frequency difference is 3.28 THz. We report an orthogonally polarized dual-frequency continuous-wave (CW) Er∶?YAG laser that can simultaneously output laser with wavelengths of 1617 nm and 1645 nm. Polarization beam splitter (PBS) prism and etalons are inserted into the cavity to generate an orthogonally polarized dual-frequency mode. The maximum output power of the S-polarized 1645 nm and the P-polarized 1617 nm lasers is 1.074 W and 0.242 W, respectively. We measure the longitudinal mode spectrum of the output laser using a Fabry?Perot (FP) interferometer and prove that the lasers at both wavelengths are single longitudinal mode. The M2 factors of the 1617 nm and 1645 nm lasers are 1.32 and 1.87 in the x direction and 1.38 and 2.06 in the y direction, respectively, and the frequency difference is 3.28 THz.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Feb. 25, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 4, 0406001 (2025)
Ultra-Wideband Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurface Design for Beam Reshaping and Radar Cross Section Reduction (Invited)
Yingjuan Lu, Qiang Cheng, Siran Wang, Huidong Li... and Jiang Luo|Show fewer author(s)
We propose an ultra-wideband reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based on a dual-wing grooved symmetric structure. In our design, the grooves on both sides of the unit cell can effectively extend the current path and significantly improve the unit's broadband characteristics. We couple it with a high-precision voltage-controlled driver circuit, and the proposed RIS can adjust the unit's electromagnetic response based on theoretical coding in real time, thus achieving precise electromagnetic wave control. Through our experiments, we find that the RIS achieves a 1 bit phase tuning range from 7.3 GHz to 13.9 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 62.3%, covering the C, X, and Ku bands. Moreover, the RIS achieves radar cross section (RCS) reduction of more than 10 dB in the range of 7?14 GHz, and the reduction can reach up to 15 dB in most frequency bands, with the maximum reduction being 40 dB. Additionally, our experimental verification also confirms the RIS's capability to manipulate single beams, asymmetric dual beams, and multiple beams, which provides an important reference for the multi-band cooperative applications of RIS. We propose an ultra-wideband reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based on a dual-wing grooved symmetric structure. In our design, the grooves on both sides of the unit cell can effectively extend the current path and significantly improve the unit's broadband characteristics. We couple it with a high-precision voltage-controlled driver circuit, and the proposed RIS can adjust the unit's electromagnetic response based on theoretical coding in real time, thus achieving precise electromagnetic wave control. Through our experiments, we find that the RIS achieves a 1 bit phase tuning range from 7.3 GHz to 13.9 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 62.3%, covering the C, X, and Ku bands. Moreover, the RIS achieves radar cross section (RCS) reduction of more than 10 dB in the range of 7?14 GHz, and the reduction can reach up to 15 dB in most frequency bands, with the maximum reduction being 40 dB. Additionally, our experimental verification also confirms the RIS's capability to manipulate single beams, asymmetric dual beams, and multiple beams, which provides an important reference for the multi-band cooperative applications of RIS.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Feb. 25, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 4, 0401001 (2025)
Micromanipulation with Generalized Perfect Optical Vortex (Invited)
Wenyu Gao, Yuan Zhou, Xing Li, Qiang Zhang... and Baoli Yao|Show fewer author(s)
Optical vortices have demonstrated significant potential in diverse applications, including particle micromanipulation, optical communication, and optical imaging. Among these, the generalized perfect optical vortex (GPOV) has emerged as a focal area of research due to its highly customizable intensity profiles and beam radius that remain independent of topological charges. These attributes have established GPOV as a versatile tool in advanced optical micromanipulation. In this paper, we employ blazed grating technology to enhance the generation of GPOV and integrate them into manipulation experiments involving polystyrene fluorescent microspheres. Through theoretical and experimental validation, we demonstrate the feasibility and precision of transporting particles along customizable paths. This research advances the integration of light field modulation and optical micromanipulation, paving the way for potential applications in microscale delivery systems. Optical vortices have demonstrated significant potential in diverse applications, including particle micromanipulation, optical communication, and optical imaging. Among these, the generalized perfect optical vortex (GPOV) has emerged as a focal area of research due to its highly customizable intensity profiles and beam radius that remain independent of topological charges. These attributes have established GPOV as a versatile tool in advanced optical micromanipulation. In this paper, we employ blazed grating technology to enhance the generation of GPOV and integrate them into manipulation experiments involving polystyrene fluorescent microspheres. Through theoretical and experimental validation, we demonstrate the feasibility and precision of transporting particles along customizable paths. This research advances the integration of light field modulation and optical micromanipulation, paving the way for potential applications in microscale delivery systems.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Feb. 10, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 3, 0306001 (2025)
Research Progress on High-Efficiency Narrowband Blue OLEDs Enabled by Multiple-Boron Effect (Invited)
Jianxin Tang, Guowei Chen, Zhen Zhang, Yihui He... and Yanqing Li|Show fewer author(s)
Multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials have advantages such as narrowband emission, small singlet-triplet energy level differences, and large molar extinction coefficients. These characteristics enable a combination of high efficiency and high color purity, granting these materials significant application potential in ultra-high-definition displays. Consequently, they have gained widespread attention. Since the first MR-TADF material was reported in 2016, this field has witnessed rapid advancements. However, blue MR-TADF materials with higher energy levels often suffer from poor carrier injection and transport capabilities, limiting their performance in terms of efficiency and color purity. MR-TADF materials with multi-boron structures, owing to their multiple electron-deficient boron atoms, enhance electronic delocalization and molecular orbital overlap and coupling. This suppresses non-radiative transitions and improves emission efficiency. Moreover, the increased molecular rigidity and multi-resonance effects reduce vibrational and rotational energy level distributions in the excited state, resulting in narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) emissions. Consequently, these materials have emerged as a prominent choice for constructing deep blue organic emissive materials, driving significant progress in this field. In this paper, we comprehensively explore recent advances in blue MR-TADF materials with multi-boron structures, focusing on molecular design, photophysical properties, and optoelectronic performance in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). By clarifying the relationship between molecular structure and performance, we aim to provide valuable guidance for future research. Finally, we present perspectives on the future development of blue boron-containing MR-TADF materials. Multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials have advantages such as narrowband emission, small singlet-triplet energy level differences, and large molar extinction coefficients. These characteristics enable a combination of high efficiency and high color purity, granting these materials significant application potential in ultra-high-definition displays. Consequently, they have gained widespread attention. Since the first MR-TADF material was reported in 2016, this field has witnessed rapid advancements. However, blue MR-TADF materials with higher energy levels often suffer from poor carrier injection and transport capabilities, limiting their performance in terms of efficiency and color purity. MR-TADF materials with multi-boron structures, owing to their multiple electron-deficient boron atoms, enhance electronic delocalization and molecular orbital overlap and coupling. This suppresses non-radiative transitions and improves emission efficiency. Moreover, the increased molecular rigidity and multi-resonance effects reduce vibrational and rotational energy level distributions in the excited state, resulting in narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) emissions. Consequently, these materials have emerged as a prominent choice for constructing deep blue organic emissive materials, driving significant progress in this field. In this paper, we comprehensively explore recent advances in blue MR-TADF materials with multi-boron structures, focusing on molecular design, photophysical properties, and optoelectronic performance in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). By clarifying the relationship between molecular structure and performance, we aim to provide valuable guidance for future research. Finally, we present perspectives on the future development of blue boron-containing MR-TADF materials.
Acta Optica Sinica (Online)
- Publication Date: Feb. 10, 2025
- Vol. 2, Issue 3, 0302001 (2025)
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